injectorcleaning.com

Petrol combustion requires three ellements to function correctly
Air - Ignition - Fuel

Only one of these ellements is a pollutant - the fuel
Correct delivery and correct atomisation is a requirement not an option. The injector has the finest tolerance of the entire engine at just 1 micron, thats less than the width of a human hair.

The injector is located in the inlet manifold of the engine and sealed in between the manifold and fuel supply rail by Viton rubber seals. A fuel pump pressurises the system to around  2.5 bar.

The Engine Control Unit (ECU) gathers  information from the various sensors located around the engine and using this information, the ECU determines the opening duration required for that  combustion stroke. To do this, the ECU generates a current and transmits it to  the solenoid of the injector.

The solenoid will magnetically lift the  pintle valve needle from the seat of the injector, varying between 60 - 100 degrees. While the valve is raised, the pressurised fuel is forced through the bore in the bottom of the injector, on to the pintle head and forms a spray pattern shape as nominated by the pintle design.

The injector will remain open for  anywhere between 1 - 20 milliseconds, at a frequency of 3 - 125 Hz, depending on the engines requirements. When the current stops, a small coil spring pushes the valve needle to the pintle seat and stops any further fuel from passing  through. This process is repeated many times per second.

Leaking injector valves will cause:
Starting problems, Bore Wash, Lacquering of the Lambda Sensor & Clogging or Failure of the Catalyst

Poor fuel atomisation will cause:
Excessive Exhaust Emissions, Poor Fuel Economy, Idling Problems, Lack of Power, Poor Driveability, Gumming or Sticking of the Inlet Valves, Lacquering of the Lambda Sensor & Clogging or Failure of the Catalyst Exhaust.

Poor fuel rates will cause:
Incorrect Exhaust Emissions, Lambda Sensor & Catalyst Exhaust Problems, Idling Problems, Lack of Power, Poor Driveability.

Injectors spraying fuel within the cirled red areas will not alow the engine to combust fuel correctly

Fuel contamination will not alsways effect spray pattern but will increase fuel droplet size & fuel consumption

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